Rudram Namakam Chamakam Telugu Meaning Pdf

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004 Sri Rudram Namakam Telugu Large - Free download as PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Sri Rudram Namakam - Vaidika Vignanam. A collection of spiritual and devotional literature in various Indian languages in Sanskrit, Samskrutam, Hindia, Telugu, Kannada, Tamil, Malayalam, Gujarati, Bengali, Oriya, English scripts with pdf.
Chamakam furnishes completely the ideal of human happiness and defines in the highest degree the desires and do not delimit to be asked or to be granted.
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 1ST ANUVAKA (1st Chapter)
Agnaa Vishnu sajosh semaa vardhanthu vaam girah
O Gods, Agni and Vishnu! May both of you bear goodwill to me. Let these words of praise of mine magnify you.
Dyumnai vajebi raagrutham. Vaajas cha may, prasavam cha may
Approach me together bearing riches and food. I pray to you to grant me food and permission to give and eat food.
Prayathis cha may, praseethis cha may,deedhis cha may, krathus cha may
May the food that I eat be pure. Let me have good appetite and relish the food and digest the food that I eat. May I perform the sacrifices that would procure me food.
swaras chamay, Slokas chamay, suvas chamay, sruthischa may
Let me recite all the vedic mantras with proper intonations and a compelling and captivating voice. Grant me the capacity to discriminate what to hear and what not to hear.
jyothishas cha may, suvas cha may, praanas chamay, apaanas cha may, Vyaanas cha may, asus cha may,
May my mind be lit up with clarity to understand things properly. May I attain the heavens of Gods. Let the life forces and vital airs of Prana, Apana and Vyana function properly in me.
chittam cha may, aadheetham cha may, Vaak cha may, manas cha may
May my mind deserve the right knowledge through incisive grasping. May you grant me the gift of eloquent speech and a sane and healthy mind.
chakshus cha may, srothras cha may, dakshas cha may
Let me have well functioning sense organs with clear eye sight and keen hearing
Balam cha may, oojas cha may, sahas cha may, aayus cha may
Let my organs of action be strong and virile. Grant me the might to put down my enemies and to lead a long and vigorous life.
Jaraas cha may, aathmaas cha may, thanus cha may, sarmas cha may
Let me have a respectable old age with dignity. May I have well built and well formed body. May you grant me happiness.
varmas cha may, Angaanis cha may, Asthaanis cha may, paarungsshis cha may, sareeraanis cha may
Grant me protection for the body . May I have well formed body with well set bones and well knit joints.May I be born in high and noble bodies in future.
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 2nd ANUVAKA (2nd Chapter)
Jyaishtyam cha may, aadhipatyam cha may
I pray that I may be granted a higher position, prominence and Lordship among men.
manyus cha may, Bhaamas cha may, aamyas cha may
May I have the sense of resentment which is just and anger which is righteous. Let me have the right self control for dignified manifestation of anger. May I be provided with sweet and plentiful water.
jemaas cha may, mahimaa cha may, Varimaa cha may, prathimaa cha may
May I be granted prowess to dominate and gain victory over my foes and win wealth and glory. Let me be sought after and respected by others. May my wealth and possessions multiply.
varshmaa cha may, draguyaas cha may, Vruddham cha may, vruddhis cha may
May I be granted good progeny and unbroken lineage. May my learning, character and truthfulness grant me natural superiority over others.
satyam cha may, sraddhas cha may, Jagascha may, dhanas cha may
May I have faith in the sastras, vedas and optimism about future. May I be granted movable and immovable property and gold and silver in plenty.
vasas cha may, twishis cha may, kreedas cha may, Modhas cha may
May my personality be charming and attractive. May my body be strong and glorious to derive pleasures and joy from sports and games.
jaatham cha may, janishmaanam cha may, sookthas cha may, Sukrutham cha may
May the heritage which has come down to me from my forefathers be steady with me and what I acquire in my life be protected. May I master the vedic hymns and acquire the holy merit by the performance of sacred rites and good actions.
vitham cha may, vedhyam cha may, bhootham cha may, Bavishyam cha may
May my past, present and future be full of abundance and prosperity.
sugam cha may, supadham cha may, ruddham cha may,ruddhis cha may
May I always dwell in pleasant, hospitable and safe places. May my passage in this world be always smooth and may I be endowed with spiritual merit in my afterlife.
Kluptham cha may, klupthis cha may mathis cha may sumathis cha may
May I be provided material comforts in abundance in my life’s journey to make it comfortable and pleasant and also to put them to the best use. May I be granted a brilliant and balanced intellect, to manage difficult situations cleverly and successfully.
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 3rd ANUVAKA (3rd Chapter)
Sam cha may, mayas cha may, priyas cha may, anukaamas cha may, Kaamas cha may
May I be granted happiness in this world and in the other world. May I acquire good and pleasant objects in this world and also in the other world
soumanasas cha may, bhadram cha may, sreyas cha may
May I have the joy and solace of good relations with one and all. May I attain welfare and prosperity in this world and spiritual welfare in the other world.
Vasyas cha may, yasas cha may, bhagas cha may, dravinam cha may
May I be granted comfortable habitations, good fortunes, wealth and fame.
Yantha cha may, dhartas cha may, ksemas cha may, druthis cha may
May I have the guidance of elders and teachers who can control and lead me in the right way. Let me have parents and elders who will comfort and support me. May I be blessed with the capacity to protect and retain what I have already earned. May I be granted unshaken fortitude under the most trying and difficult circumstances.
Viswam cha may, mahas cha may, samvich cha may, jnathram cha may
May I win the goodwill, respect and honour in the world. May I acquire the knowledge of vedas and sastras and ability to disseminate the knowledge to others.
Suus cha may, prasoos cha may, seeram cha may, layas cha may
May I have the capacity to command obedience and work from my children out of love. May I have the executive ability and drive to extract obedience and work from my servants and others. May I be blessed with unqualified success in my agricultural and husbandry operations.
hritham cha may, Amrutham cha may, ayakshmam cha may, anamas cha may
May I perform sacrifices and other rites and reap the inevitable spiritual fruits of such sastric karmas. May I be granted total resistance and immunity from major and minor ailments.
jeevathus cha may, Deergayuthwam cha may, anaamithram cha may, abhayam cha may
May I have the possession of herbs and remedies which would grant me a long life. May I be saved from untimely death. May I be granted freedom from fear and enemity.
sugam cha may, Sayanam cha may, sooshaa cha may, sudhinam cha may
May I possess righteous conduct which wins the approval of one and all. May I be blessed with a sound sleep,happy and auspicious dawn and a fruitful day.
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 4th ANUVAKA (4th Chapter)
Oorkas cha may, sunoothas cha may, payas cha may,rasas cha may
May I be granted food, milk, sweet juices. May I encounter courteous words of welcome and hospitality.
Gruthams cha may, madhu cha may, sagdhis cha may, sapeethis cha may
May the Lord grant me ghee and honey. May I be granted the good fortune of eating and
partaking liquids in good company.
Krushis cha may, vrushtis cha may, jaithram cha may, oudbheedhyam cha may
May I be blessed with successful agricultural operations, sufficient and timely rains, fertile fields and the green wealth of trees and plants in my land. May I possess children and relatives who bestow upon me a sense of security.
Rayis cha may, raayas cha may, pushtam cha may, pushtis cha may
May I acquire gold and precious stones. May I have a strong and well nourished body.
Vibhus cha may, prabhus cha may, bahu cha may, bhooyas cha may
May I be granted the gift of abundance of all varieties of cereals, millets and corn.
Poorna cha may, poorna tharam cha may, aakshithis cha may, kooyavaas cha may, Annam cha may, akshu cha may
May my stock of grain and food never diminish. May I never experience hunger for want of food.
vreehayas cha may, yavaas cha may, bhashaas cha may, Thilaas cha may
May I be granted paddy, barley, black gram and sesames.
mudhgas cha may, kkhalvas cha may, godhumas cha may, Masooras cha may
May I be granted greengram, castor seeds, wheat and bengal gram.
priyangavas cha may, anavas cha may, sayaamaakas cha may, Neevaaras cha may
May I be granted millets , small superior paddy, syamakas and wild forest grains in abundance.
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 5th ANUVAKA (5th Chapter)
Asmas cha may, mruthikas cha may, girayas cha may, parvathaas cha may, sikathaas cha may
May I be blessed with vast lands, with precious stones and lofty hills and mountains which give birth to many rivers.
Vanaspathayas cha may, hiranyam cha may, vyas cha may
and forests with fruit bearing trees.May the lands be rich in minerals like gold and silver
seesa cha may, Thrapus cha may, sayaamam cha may
May the lands be rich in minerals like lead, tin and steel.
loham cha may, agnischa may, aapas cha may
May the lands be rich in minerals like bronze, copper and have adundant water.
Veerudhas cha may, ooshadhyas cha may,krushtapachyam cha mayAkrushtapachyam cha may
May the land have thick vegetation with creepers, herbs and plants cultivated and uncultivated.
Graamyas cha may, pasava aaranyas cha may, yagnena kalpantham
May I be granted cattle and other domestic animals in plenty which help us in performing sacred sacrificial rites.
vitham cha may,
Vithischa me, bhootham cha may, bhoothischa me
May I be granted ability to add to my ancestors properties with my own earnings. May I be blessed with children with competence and prowess to achieve success in the world.
vasus cha may, Vasathis cha may, Karma cha may, sakthis cha may, arthas cha may
May I have comfortable habitations to accommodate me and my people. May I have the detemination to undertake performances of sacred rites, rituals and sacrifices successfully.
eemas cha may, ithis cha may, Gathis cha may
May I be rewarded with joy and happiness for fulfilling the scriptural injunctions. May I attain the final goal of my life.
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 6th ANUVAKA (6th Chapter)
Agnis cha ma indras cha may, somas cha ma indras cha may
Let Lord Agni and Indra shower grace on me. Let Lord Soma and Indra shower grace on me.
Savithaas cha ma indras cha may, Sarswathi cha ma indras cha may
Let Lord Savita and Indra shower grace on me. Let Goddess Saraswati and Indra shower grace on me.
Pooshaa cha ma indras cha may, Brahaspathees cha ma indras cha may
Let Lord Pusa and Indra shower grace on me. Let Lord Brihaspati and Indra shower grace on me.
Mithras cha ma indras cha may, varunas cha ma indras cha may
Let Lord Mitra and Indra shower grace on me. Let Lord Varuna and Indra shower grace on me.
Twashtaas cha ma indras cha may, Dhaathhas cha ma indras cha may
Let Lord Thvasta and Indra shower grace on me. Let Lord Dhata and Indra shower grace on me.
Vishnus cha ma indras cha may, Aswinou cha ma indras cha may
Let Lord Vishnu and Indra shower grace on me. Let the twin Aswinis and Indra shower grace on me.
Maruthas cha ma indras cha may, Viswe cha ma indras cha may
Let Lord Marutha and Indra shower grace on me. Let Vishva Devas and Indra shower grace on me.
Prithvee cha ma indras cha may, Aanthareeksham cha ma indras cha may
Let Earth and Indra shower grace on me. Let the interspace between the heaven and earth and Indra shower grace on me.
Dhyous cha ma indras cha may, dhisas cha ma indras cha may
Let Heavens and Indra shower grace on me. Let all the four quarters and Indra shower grace on me.
Moordhaas cha ma indras cha may, prajaapathis cha ma indras cha may
Let quarter above and Indra shower grace on me. Let Prajapati and Indra shower grace on me. (Indra is not only the mythological King of angels in heaven. According to Bhagawan Baba, Indra is the maste of senses. Therefore, here Indra means the indwelling god who is the real master of the senses; this explains the importance given to Indra in this hymn).
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 7th ANUVAKA (7th Chapter)
Amsus cha may, rasmis cha may, Aadhabhyas cha me, Adhipathis cha may
(Let the following vessels used in the Soma sacrifices for holding the sacred Soma juice be granted unto me) The Amsu, Rashmi and Adaabhya, the vessels of Adhipati(which hold the curds),
Upamsus cha may, antharyaamas cha may, aindravaayavas cha may
Upamsu(which hold the Soma juice), Antaryama and Aindravayava.
Maithraa varunas cha may, Aaswinas cha may, prathiprasthaanas cha may
The vessels used for Maitravaruna, Asvina, Pratipasthana.
Shukras cha may, mandhis cha may, Aagrayanas cha may, Vaiswa devas cha may
The vessels used for Sukra, Manthi, Agrayana, Vaisvadeva.
Druvas cha may, Vaisaanaras cha may, hriruth gruhas cha may, athi grahyas cha may
The vessels used for Dhruva, Vaisvanara, Rtugraha and Atigrahya.
Aindragnas cha may, vaiswa devas cha may
The vessels used for Aindragna(dual gods Indra and agni), Vaisvadeva.
maruthvadheeyas cha may, mahendryas cha may, Aadhithyas cha may, saavithras cha may
The vessels used for Maruts, Great Indra, Aditya(the Sun god), Savita.
saarasvathas cha may, paishnas cha may, Paathnivathas cha may, haari yojanas cha may
The vessels used for Sarawati, Poosha, Pathneevathas and Hariyojanas.
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 8th ANUVAKA (8th Chapter)
Idmas cha may, barhis cha may, vedhis cha may, thisnyaas cha may
(Let the following Bahiranga Yagna Sadhanas necessary for the performance of sacrifices be granted unto me). May I possess the dried sacred twigs, the holy Dharbha or sacred grass, the sacrificial altar, the platforms for the priests to perform sacrificial rites.
Suchas cha may, chamasaas cha may, gravaanas cha may, swaravas cha may
May I possess vessels made of Purasa wood used for Homams in Ishti sacrifices, wooden plates for pouring the Soma juice and drinking it, small pebbles used for pounding the soma creeper, wooden knives fixed in the sacrificial post.
Uparavaas cha may, adhishavanes cha may, drona kalasa cha may
May I possess four pits dug in the earth, flat wooden pieces cut from the fig tree along with the bark, vessel shaped like a mango made out of banyan tree in which squeezed soma juice is kept.
Vaayvyaani cha may, poothamus cha may, aagavaneeyas cha may
May I possess the vessels of wood and mud for placing the Soma juice in the sacrificial offerings (Havirdana), mud vessel for keeping the soma juice, another mud vessel for storing the purified soma juice.
Aagneetham cha may, havirgaanaam cha may, gruhaas cha may, sadas cha may
May I possess the place for lighting the sacred fire, platform for keeping the Havis (sacrificial offerings), pavilions for ladies (Grha) where the the wives of preists should dwell, place where the public can sit and chant vedic hymns.
Purodasas cha may, pachathaascha may, avabhoodhas cha may, Swagaakaaras cha may
May I possess purodasa and offering made of broken rice, pachatas (a place where offerings are cooked), may I have the ceremonial bath after the completion of the sacrifice and burn the sacred fire by chanting devatha manthras through which the gods are invoked .
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 9th ANUVAKA (9th Chapter)
Agnis cha may, garmas cha may, arkas cha may, sooryas cha may
May I light the sacrificial fire. May I perform the religious rite known as Gharma and the sacrifices knows as Arka and Surya.
Praanas cha may, aswa medhas cha may, pruthvee cha may, adithis cha may
May I make the offerings due to Prana. May the Gods Prthvi, Aditi be auspicious to me.
Dithis cha may, dhyous cha may, sakvaree-rangulayos cha may, Yagnena kalpaantharug cha may
May the Gods Diti, Dyaus be auspicious to me. May the heaven and the quarters outspread like the fingers and pointing finger of the Virat-Purusha, the cosmic being be amicable to me for my sacrificial rites.
saama cha may, sthomas cha may, Yajus cha may
May the Rig veda, Sama veda, Yajur veda, and the hymn known as Stoma be properly chanted where the sacrificial rites are perfomed.
deekshas cha may, tapas cha may, hruthus cha may
May austerities be practised by me properly. May the seasons be favorable for my sacrificial rites.
vrutham cha may, Aahorathrayor vrushtyaa bruhadradanthares cha may, yagnena kalpethaam
May I practise the physical austerities or certain vows and observances prescribed(like fasting at night). May it rain day and night. May the hymns called Brhad and Rathantara be properly recited during the sacrificial rites.
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 10th ANUVAKA (10th Chapter)
Garbhaa se vatsaa cha may, trayavus cha may, trayavee cha may
(Let it be granted unto me). Calves in the womb of my cows, the newborn calves, a year and half old bull calves, a year and half old female calves.
Dhitya vaat cha may, dhiyou hee cha may, pancha vib cha may, Panchaa vee cha may
Two year bull calves, two year old female calves, bull calves two and half years old, female calves two and half years old.
trivatsas cha may, trivatsaa cha may, Turya vaat cha may, thuryou hee
Bull calves three years old, female calves three years old, Bull calves four years old and female calves four years old.
shashta vaat cha may,shshtou hee cha may, Ukshaa cha may, vasaa cha may
Bull calves five years old, female calves five years old. The breeding bulls and virgin cows.
Rishabhas cha may, vehascha may, meagadvaa s cha may, dhenus cha may
The lordly (fully grown) bulls and the cows that have had a miscarriage. The cows that have newly delivered.
Aayu yagnena kalpathaam praano yagnena kalpathaam apano, Yagnena kalpathaam yyano yagnena kalpathaam chakshur, yagnena kalpathaam srothram, yagnena kalpathaam mano, yagnena kalpathaam vag yagnena kalpathaam athma, Yagnena kalpathaam yagne, yagnena kalpathaam
May I live long. May my upward breath, downward breath, equalising breath, eyes, ears, mind, speech and body function properly as a result of my sacrificial rites. May I keep performing more sacrificial rites.
Sri Rudram - Chamakam 11th ANUVAKA (11th Chapter)
Eka cha me, thisra cha may, panchas cha may, saptha cha may, Ekadasa cha may, tryodasa cha may, pancha dasa cha may, saptha dasa cha may, Nava dasa cha may, eka trimsathis cha may, tryovimsathis cha may, Pancha vimsathis cha may, saptha vimsathis cha may, nava vimsathis cha may, Eka trimsathis cha may, tryatrimsathis cha may, pancha trimsathis cha may, Chathasras cha may, ashtou cha may, dwadasa cha may, shodasa cha may, Vimsathis cha may, chatur vimsathis cha may, ashtaa vimsathis cha may, Dwathrimasthis cha may, shat trimsas cha may, chatvarimsa cha may, Chathus chathvarimsa cha may, ashta chatvarimsa cha may
Let these be granted to me. One, three, five, seven, nine, eleven, thirteen, seventeen, nineteen, twenty one, twenty three, twenty five, twenty seven, twenty nine, thirty one and thrity three as also four, eight, twelve, sixteen, twenty, twenty four, twenty eight, thrity two, thirty six, forty, forty four and forty eight.
Vaajas cha prasavas cha pijascha kradis cha suvas cha moordha cha
May I possess food. May it be produced in plenty. May it be produced again and again. May I perform sacrificial rites.
Vyasniyas cha anthyayanas cha anthyas cha Bhouvans cha bhuvanas chadhipadhis cha
May the sun, the space that came out of it, that appeared last, that appeared in the world, the world and the king be auspicious to me.
Idaa deva hoor-manur yagnaneer-brihaspathir Ukthaa madhanee samsishat viswe devaa sooktha vachaa Prithvi maatharma Maa himsee madhu vadhishyaami madhur mathi devebhyo Vaacha mudhyaasam susrushenyam manshyebhyastham maa Devaa avanthu shobhaayai pitharo anumadhanthu
Ida invokes the Gods, Manu performs sacrificial rites, Brhaspati recites hymns which give joy. Visvedevas recite hymns.O mother Prthvi (Earth) do not injure me. I shall entertain sweet thoughts, do sweet deeds, make sweet offerings, speak sweet words and speak honeyed words to the God loving men. May the Gods make them faultless. May they be approved by the Pitrs (manes or ancestors).
Om shanthi Om shanthi Om shanthi
May there be Peace to th body, mind and the Soul.
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Shri Rudram (Sanskrit: श्रीरुद्रम्, romanized: śrī-rudram), is a Vedic mantra or chant in homage to Rudra (an epithet of Shiva) taken from the Krishna Yajurveda'sTaittiriya Samhita (TS 4.5, 4.7). It comprises two parts, the Namakam and Chamakam. Chamakam (Sanskrit: चमकम्) is added by scriptural tradition to the Shri Rudram[1][2]. Shri Rudram is also known as Śri Rudrapraśna, Śatarudrīya, and Rudradhyaya. The text is important in Shaivism where Shiva is viewed as the ultimate God. The hymn is an early example of enumerating the names of a deity.[3]
Shri Rudram is also famous for its mention of the Shaivite holy mantraNamah Shivaya, which appears in the text of the Śatarudrīya in the eighth anuvaka of Taittiriya Samhita (TS 4.5.8.1).[4]. It also contains the mantra Aum namah bhagavate rudraya and the Mahamrityunjaya Mantra.[5][6][7][8]
Text[edit]
Shri Rudram consists of two chapters (praśna) from the fourth kāṇda (book) of Taittiriya Samhita which is a part of Krishna Yajurveda.[9] The names of the chapters are Namakam (chapter five) and Chamakam (chapter seven) respectively[10]. Shri Rudram's Namakam (chapter five) describes the names or epithets of Rudra, who is a fear-inducing aspect of Shiva. Additionally, the devotee asks for the benevolent aspect of Shiva to be invoked rather in the terrible aspect of Rudra and requests for forgiveness of sins. The Chamakam (chapter seven) asks for the fulfillment of wishes.[11] Each chapter consist of eleven anuvākas or hymns.[12][13][14]
The anuvākas or hymns of Namakam correspond to the eleven hymns of TS 4.5, with the final hymn extended by an additional eight verses, including the Mahamrityunjaya Mantra[15].[16][17]Om Namah Shivaya is also derived from the Shri Rudram, it appears (without the OM) in TS 4.5.8.l[18][19][20][21][22]. The anuvākas or hymns of Chamakam correspond to TS 4.7, asks God for fulfillment of wishes[23].
The earliest homage hymns to Rudra is the Śatarudriya found in the Yajurveda (TS 4.5.1-11, VS 16.1-66).[24][25] C. Fuller maintains that Shri Rudram is based on Śatarudriya.[3]
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^'Śrī Rudram Exosition'(PDF).
- ^'Introduction to rudram'. sec. Chamakam.
- ^ abC Fuller (2001), Orality, literacy and memorisation: priestly education in contemporary south India, Modern Asian Studies, Vol. 35, Issue 1, pages 14-15 with footnote 6
- ^For notability and text namaḥ śivāya see: Sivaramamurti, pp. 1, 24.
- ^'sri rudram'(PDF). pp. 4–5.
- ^'SRI RUDRAM with meaning'(PDF). sec. Mantra.
- ^'SRI RUDRAM (with CHAMAKAM)'(PDF). sec. mantra 12 of ANUVAKAM 11, page 87.
- ^'Rudram'(PDF). vedic union. p. 2.
- ^'Introduction to Rudram'. sec. What is Rudram ?.
- ^'Sri Rudram - Hindupedia, the Hindu Encyclopedia'. www.hindupedia.com.
- ^'Introduction to Rudram'. sec. Chamakam.
- ^'Sri rudram Exposition'(PDF).
- ^'Introduction to rudram'. sec. What is Rudram ?.
- ^'Sri rudram'. sec. First paragraph.
- ^'Si rudram'(PDF). www.skandagurunatha.org. p. 5.
- ^'Rudram'(PDF). sec. Anuvāka 11 of Namakam (Supplement), page 31.
- ^'SRI RUDRAM with meaning'(PDF). sec. Mantras.
- ^'Rudram'(PDF). vedaunion. p. anuvaka 8 of Namakam at page-22.
- ^'sri rudram exposition (search for 'namaḥ śivāya ca śivatarāya ca' in the pdf at page 3)'(PDF). vedaunion.org. p. 3.
- ^'sri-rudram'(PDF). skandagurunatha.org. p. 4.
- ^'Sri Rudram - Introduction'. www.manblunder.com.
- ^'which verse of sri rudram of yajurveda has word shiva (search as 'Most importantly 1st verse of 8th Anuvaka mentions the word Shiva as')'. hinduism.stackexchange.
- ^'Sri Rudram'. sec. Methods of Chanting Rudra.
- ^Stella Kramrisch (1988). The Presence of Siva. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 71–73. ISBN978-81-208-0491-3.
- ^For a full translation of the complete hymn see: Sivaramamurti (1976)
References[edit]
- Flood, Gavin (1996). An Introduction to Hinduism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN0-521-43878-0.
- Kramrisch, Stella (1981). The Presence of Śiva. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. ISBN0-691-01930-4.
- Sivaramamurti, C. (1976). Śatarudrīya: Vibhūti of Śiva's Iconography. Delhi: Abhinav Publications.
External links[edit]
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